Sidewalls & Draft
The plastic parison stops and begins to solidify as soon as it hits
the mold. The material will stretch to fill the cavity as blowing
progresses. There is no flow of material along the mold walls. The
thinning caused by stretching along the mold wall will result in
weakness and is susceptible to further thinning. The apparent rigidity
(or strength) of any area on the part varies proportionately with the
square of the wall thickness. Because of this, any cavity design which
utilizes sharp 90° corners will result in parts with extremely thin, weak
corners. Plastic contouring of heavy sections into these critical areas
can improve the condition but not eliminate it. There are a variety of
corner configurations that improve or alleviate this problem. The most
common approaches are angling the sidewall and putting a radius or an
angle at the corner.
This thinning along sidewalls and in corners is the reason that parts
should have outside draft angles. Exterior draft is not critical to part
removal from a cavity since the parts shrink away from the outer mold walls
as the plastic cools. Draft is recommended when exterior walls are to be
textured.
Part removal may be a problem with back-draft sections. Back-drafted
areas can lock the part in the mold. If possible, a part with back draft
on one side should have an equal positive draft on the opposite side. Thus,
a part with a 15° back draft on one side and a 15° positive draft on the
other side can be removed like a part with no draft. Otherwise, molds will
need moving sections to remove the back drafted feature.